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This is a simple kind of classification. Sentences are traditionally categorized into four types: statement, command, question or exclamation. These are readily illustrated by examples (note alternative names).

• Statement or declarative: This is my porridge.
• Command, wish, imperative or directive: Go and never darken my doors again.
• Question or interrogative: Who's been eating my porridge?
• Exclamation: How happy I feel!